The following response was posted as a comment on my previous blog “Linwood no more. From the Hillman Imp to Tescotown“. I consider that the content merits a Guest Blog rather than a comment and am delighted to host this response from Linwood Community Development Trust. I should add for clarity that, apart from having met Jeannette Anderson (the Chair of LCDT) and other members of the Trust briefly at an Oxfam Wave of Change meeting, I wrote my “Linwood no more” blog without having spoken to the organisation.

GUEST BLOG by Kirsty Flannigan, Linwood Community Development Trust

I write on behalf of Linwood CDT to thank you for writing this article.  It clearly defines the history of Tesco in Linwood and also demonstrates that past regeneration projects – that have focussed on physical assets – have failed Linwood in the longer term.

For Linwood Community Development Trust, the past 4 years have been like rolling jelly up a hill.  We have campaigned on behalf of our community to ensure our voices were heard during major regeneration programmes such as a £24m Sports Facility and the Tesco development.  The purpose was for Linwood to receive a proportion of ‘our regeneration’ funding or to have a voice during the process to ensure much needed community facilities were built that met the needs of the Linwood community.  We did not want the failures of the past, such as the car factory and the shopping centre to be repeated.

However, we were ignored, disempowered and on many occasions made to feel inferior by those in power.  Our past council leader stated that our campaigns were “merely an aspiration of need“, and also accused Oxfam (one of our partners), as being “a voicebox for those who are clearly incapable of speaking for themselves.”  It is ironic that this individual is now the Minister for Local Government and Planning and is leading on the Community Empowerment and Renewal Bill.

Alex Neil, the then Cabinet Secretary for Infrastructure and Capital Investment said, at the launch of the Scottish Government’s Regeneration Strategy in December 2011 that

“..there has been a habit in the past for governments to appoint suits to go into areas of deprivation and for the suits to tell the local people what they need to do to regenerate their area. They then get consultants in to do it and then after a while, leave again, very often having not made much difference to the area.

“The first lesson is the community itself has to drive the regeneration. It needs help, it needs outside expertise, it needs financial resource but at the end of the day, no regeneration strategy that is not driven by the local community will succeed and the history of the last 40 or 50 years demonstrates that.

Secondly, regeneration has to be about long term sustainability, not just environmentally but economically. It is very clear that those regeneration strategies which have focused only on the physical regeneration of an area, basically fail.”

Our campaigns were to ask the ‘suits’ to focus on the ‘human assets’ not the ‘physical assets’ during OUR regeneration programmes but we were seen as the ‘usual suspects’.  We saw the ‘suits’ as ‘cosmic bureaucrats’ living on another planet.  It was a case of them doing it ‘to us’, instead of ‘with us’.

Linwood CDT has recognised that ‘abuse of power’ and ‘power over’ communities does not only happen at council or government level, it happens within our own communities.  Our experience demonstrated that those who had held power within Linwood for a number of years were threatened that they would lose their status when Linwood CDT was formed. Some did their best to discredit the work of the Trust.  However, they should have been be better equipped to use their power more effectively in order to work together to empower and enable the changes Linwood needed, rather than being directed by the interests of those who were already in a position of power.

Linwood CDT has not let any of this put us off.  We have persevered. As Longfellow observed, “perseverance is a great element of success.  If you only knock long enough and loud enough at the gate, you will be sure to wake up somebody”.

Our perseverence has now paid off.  With a new administration a new council leader, and a very supportive local councillor we are now in the process of obtaining an asset transfer of land in order to build much needed community facilities, that will focus on building a stronger, more resilient Linwood.  However, we would not have been able to have achieved this without the support of our community, Oxfam Scotland, Foundation Scotland and Development Trusts Association Scotland.  Thank you all!

Our journey continues and we believe there is a wave of change happening in Linwood.  We would urge communities who are facing the same hardships as Linwood to never, ever give up if you believe something is worth fighting for.  After all, this is our community, our future, and who best knows what the community needs, than the community itself?

Linwood Community Action Plan (4.2Mb pdf)

Thirty-four years ago today on 4 May 1979, Mrs Thatcher took office as Prime Minister. Every new Prime Minister, upon taking up the office is given a detailed brieifng on the most urgent and important issues of the day. For convenience here is the briefing on my own website (35Mb pdf download). Here is the document on the National Archives website (where you have to “add to basket etc.”).

Public sector pay, energy policy (coal and oil particularly), industrial relations, Europe and international security all feature but so too, of course does Scotland. Here are some highlights.

Industrial Issues

(i) The future of the shipbuilding industry (badly hit by with world shipbuilding slump and very expensive to maintain)

(ii) the equally expensive problem of the steel industry

(v) Constraints on industrial development caused by planning procedures (the CPRS are conducting a study) – with Moss Morran as the current leading case.

Devolution

4. For Scotland your Scottish Manifesto also proposed the early establishment of a Select Committee for Scottish affairs.

6. The outcome of the referendum can be accounted a rejection of an elected Assembly with legislative and executive powers for Scotland alone …… Although a federal system for the United Kingdom as a whole, with parity of relationships for each of its parts, could accommodate a Scottish legislative Assembly, there is clearly little interest in and less demand for so fundamental a change in the country as a whole.

And on the lack of readiness of the rest of the UK to embrace constitutional change foundered the hopes of home rule for the next twenty years.

Yesterday marked the 50th anniversary of the opening of the Rootes Factory in Linwood that made the Hillman Imp. To accomodate the workforce, the small industrial village of Linwood was expanded and the first “Regional Shopping Centre” in Scotland was opened in the town centre.

Land in Linwood had been acquired for development in 1930 by the Parish Council of Kilbarchan. But with the new factory, a major expansion was required. So in 1965, land for the new Regional Shopping Centre was assembled by the County Council of Renfrew under the Linwood Compulsory Order 1965. In 1967 this land was leased by the County Council of the County of Renfrew to a company called City Wall Properties (Scotland) Ltd. for development as a shopping centre on a 125 year lease (expiring in 2092). For twenty years, Linwood, its residents and its shopping centre thrived.

Then, in 1981, the car plant closed its doors with the loss of 6000 direct jobs and a further 7000 in the wider economy. The community entered a period of catastrophic decline with families leaving and emigrating.

Bathgate no more, Linwood no more
Methil no more, Irvine no more
Bathgate no more, Linwood no more
Methil no more, Irvine no more

Linwood was immortalised by the Proclaimers in Letter from America, their 1987 ballad of emigration and economic decline.

As the Daily Record reported on 14 April 2013 in the wake of the death of Margaret Thatcher

Mary Bowman, 63, moved to Linwood 40 years ago and watched as the town went from boom to bust.

“People just left,” she said. “They closed two primary schools because the population dwindled away. The town had 30 shops.

“We had a Woolworths, two bakers, a cafe, video shops, a supermarket as well as Clydesdale Electrical and an advice centre. The place was buzzing and you didn’t even need to leave Linwood for anything. There was even a Chinese and an Indian restaurant – places you could sit down in – not takeaways.

The town centre struggled on in the the midst of the economic ravages of the Thatcher years but somehow survived. By the end of the nineties, however, it was a mere shadow of its former self although the leaseholder, Ellison & Company from County Durham had attracted tenants for almost every unit in the centre.

And then a strange thing happened.

A new company, Balmore Properties Ltd. acquired the lease in 2001 for £1.7 million. In the six short years that followed, as the Scotsman reported in 2010,

“.. community leaders and retailers claimed that dozens of shops were closed as Balmore evicted tenants for minor misdemeanours and refused shopkeepers’ requests to have their leases extended. The precinct became blighted with derelict shops and graffiti-covered walls and plagued by antisocial behaviour from local gangs.”

The chemist and the optician opted to relocate to portacabins.

Balmore Properties Ltd. was incorporated in September 2000 and by 2006 was under the control of a sole Director, Dallas Peter Rhodes who owned the full paid-up capital of the company – 2 shares worth £1 each. By 2006, residents were fed up and the local MSP, Wendy Alexander, organised a petition to “Boot out Balmore”. A total of 3100 people signed the petition – full half of the town’s residents.

By early 2007, Alexander and the residents appeared to have succeeded. Tesco were interested in taking over the development and as a report in the Herald on 3 February 2007 noted with some surprise, when Nick Gellatly, Tesco’s Head of Corporate Affairs, visited the town the day before he was greeted with tumultuous applause by residents. He talked about putting a “new beat in the heart of Linwood” and building a new superstore together with a library, clinic and community centre. In July 2007, Tesco Stores Ltd. took over the lease from Balmore Properties at no cost “for certain good and onerous causes” – a transfer for no consideration where there is an unspecified obligation to do so. (Title here and plan here)

But nobody in Linwood was aware of that. Tesco had come to town and was rescuing their shopping centre from the blight of Balmore. Locals worked enthusiastically with Tesco to develop their plans. Some even appeared in their promotional videos.

Then in 2010, the folk of Linwood discovered the truth about what had been going on. Dallas Rhodes’ company Balmore Properties was not an independent retail property company.

It was set up as a front on behalf of Tesco.

Rhodes was approached by Tesco to acquire the lease on the company’s behalf. “It is common for Tesco to use and agent and secure land,” a spokesperson for Tesco said at the time. “Balmore was an agent for Tesco at that time.”

Some commercial property sources will happily claim that this is normal practice, that if owners get wind that a major supermarket chain is sniffing around, the value of the property will double or triple. Fair enough. But if that was the case, Tesco should have revealed its hand in 2001 or 2002. It didn’t. Instead the tenants were driven out and the community was left with a town centre that, later in 2011 would earn them the Carbuncle of the Year award.

Dallas Rhodes is and has been a Director of a number of other companies. One of them is Whitecastle Properties Ltd., a company wholly owned by Tesco Stores Ltd again with a paid up share capital of two £1 shares and with Tesco executives as Directors. Rhodes was a Director of this company from 2003 until 2008. The net assets of the company as at February 2012 came to a total of £236.

But unlike Balmore Properties Ltd. which never submitted any annual accounts because it enjoyed an exemption as a small company, Whitecastle does submit accounts and thus has to state its purpose. Its 2012 accounts admit that the Company’s principal purpose is “to act as an agent for Tesco”.

Tesco town is now well underway and developments can be followed at its website.

In the 50 years since the opening of the Hillman Imp plant, Linwood has enjoyed great hopes with the car industry, rapid and brutal decline and, finally, a takeover by a corporate retailer that dishonestly appeared as a knight in shining armour to rescue the townsfolk from their fate.

What Linwood has not had, until the establishment of the Linwood Community Development Trust, has been any proper understanding, control or influence over how their town is governed. The work of the Trust has been inspirational as highlighted by this short film made as part of Oxfam Scotland and the Scottish Wave of Change project.

It is no substitute, however, for the return of real political and economic power to people. And that is the challenge for all of Scotland’s towns.

OTHER LINKS

Linwood in Scottish Screen Archive